REVISION FOR THE SECOND TERM – ENGLISH 8 (2017-2018)
I. Verb Tenses
- Simple Future Tense: ( + ) : S + will + V
( _ ) : S + Won’t + V
( ? ) : Will + S + V … ?
→ Actions or States in the future ( + tomorrow, tonight, soon, next … , some day )
He will travel to Nha Trang next month.
→ Requests, Offers, Promises:
Requests: Will you turn on the lights?
- Sure / OK
- I’m sorry I can’t. / I’m afraid not.
Offers: Shall I carry your bags?
Will / Won’t you have a cup of tea?
- Yes, please. / That would be nice.
- No, thanks.
Promises: I promise I will / won’t …
- I hope so. / Don’t forget.
- Present Continuous Tense with “Always”:→ A complaint
am / is / are + always + V-ing
Ba is always forgetting his homework.
He is always working.
- Past Continuous Tense:
was / were + V-ing
→ Actions in happening at a definite point of time in the past
I was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night.
This time yesterday, they were playing soccer.
→ An action which was in progress in the past when another action happened
While I was cooking, the telephone rang.
was cooking when the telephone rang.
→ (more than) two actions happening simultaneously in the past
We were studying English while Nam was playing computer games.
- Present Perfect Tense:
have / has + Past Participle ( V3 / V ed)
→ Incompleted actions ( Actions which happened in the past and have continued up to the present) [ + for, since, ever, never, so far, up to now, already, yet]
They have known each other for a long time.
Hoa has lived in Ha Noi since 2003.
Has the flight to New York departed yet?
- Yes, it has already departed.
- No. it hasn’t departed yet.
→ Finnished actions at an indefinite time in the past
Someone has jumbled everything.
I have read this book twice.
II. Passive Voice:
Be + Past Participle (V3 / V ed)
Simple Present : am / is / are + V3 / Ved
Simple Past : was / were + V3 / Ved
Simple Future: will + be + V3 / Ved
Present Continuous: am / is / are + being + V3 / Ved
Past Continuous: was / were + being + V3 / Ved
Present Perfect: have / has + been + V3 / Ved
Modal verbs: can / may / must
could / might + be + V3 / Ved
should / would
The Statue of Liberty was presented to The USA by France in 1876.
The glass pieces are completely washed.
( People say that he is the best player in his team.)
It is said that he is the best player in his team.
= He is said to be the best player in his team.
III. Reported Speech (Indirect Speech):
1. Affirmative Imperative: (Commands)
S + ask / tell + O + to-infinitive V
His teacher said, “ Work hard for your final exams.”
→ His teacher asked / told him to work hard for his final exams.
2. Negative Imperative:
S + ask / tell + O + not + to-infinitive V
Mrs. Jones said to her son , “ Don’t stay up late.”
→ Mrs. Jones asked / told her son not to stay up late.
3. Statements:
S + said ( that ) … / told someone that …
He said, “ I’m a policeman.”
→ He said ( that ) he was a policeman.
She said to John, “ We are good friends.”
→ She told John that they were good friends.
4. Yes / No Questions:
S + asked + someone + if / whether …
Nga said, “ Can you speak French, Nam?”
→ Nga asked Nam if / whether he could speak French.
5. Wh-Questions:
S + asked + someone + Wh-word …
She said to me, “ Where do you live?”
→ She asked me where I lived.
* * * Changes:
Direct
Indirect
Direct
Indirect
I
You
We
My
Your
Our
He/ She
You/ I/ We
They
His/ Her
Your/ My/Our
Their
now
this/ these
here
today/ tonight
yesterday
ago
last week
tomorrow
next month
then
that/ those
there
that day / that night
the day before
before
the previous week
the next/ following day
the next/ following month
IV. Polite Requests:
Would / Do you mind + V-ing … ?
Would / Do you mind turning off the air conditioner?
- No problem. / No, of course not.
- I’m sorry I can’t.
Do you mind if + S + V (Sp Present)… ?
Would you mind + S + V (Sp Past) …?
Do you mind if I sit here?
Would you mind if I sat here?
- Please do. / Please go ahead.
- I’d rather / prefer you didn’t.
V. Present / Past Participle ( phrase) used as adjectives:
Present Participle: V-ing
Past Participle: V3 / Ved
→ Present and Past Participles can be used as adjectives to modify a noun (phrase)
The woman talking to Nam is Mrs Lien.
(n) (adj)
The toy car made from drink cans is 3000 dong.
(n) (adj)
VI. Adjectives followed by to-infinitive verbs / clauses:
S + be + adj + to-inf V
S + be + adj + [that-clause]
We are happy to have a friend like you.
(adj)
It’s difficult to follow your direction.
(adj)
I’m certain that it will rain tomorrow.
(adj) (clause)
She was delighted that her son passed his exam.
(adj) (clause)
VII. Wh-words followed by to-infinitive Verbs:
S + V + (O) + Who / What / Where / When / Why / Which / How / … + to-inf V
I don’t know what to say.
She can’t decide where to go.
Lan showed Liz how to cook rice.
VIII. Verbs followed by to-infinitive Verbs:
decide / want / try / start / begin / learn / forget / … + to-inf V
He tried to run as fast as he could.
While Hoa was jogging, it started to rain.
You should learn to swim.
IX. Some Structures:
- Let+O+ V (bare inf)
[Let someone do sth]
Please let him go.
Let me help you.
2. Force + O + to-inf V
[ force someone to do sth]
Don’t force the patient to stand.
His father forced him to study harder.
3. make + O + V (bare inf)
[ make someone do sth]
The couch makes his players work very hard.
4. have + O + V (bare inf)
[ have someone do sth]
He had someone design a card for him.
My mother has the tailor make a new ao dai.
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Verbs
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Nouns
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Adjectives
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Adverbs
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attract
compete
complain
decide
design
describe
explain
equip
excite
inform
participate (in)
perform
separate
surprise
wonder
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attraction
competition, competitor
contest, contestant
complaint
decision
design, designer
description
explanation
equipment
excitement
fame
information
participation, participant
performance
religion
tradition
separation
surprise
wonder
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attractive
competitive
decisive
(well-) equipped
excited, exciting
famous
informative
religious
traditional
separate
surprised, surprising
wonderful
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attractively
excitedly, excitingly
famously
religiously
traditionally
surprisingly
wonderfully
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